1. Characteristics of copper sulfate The chemical composition of copper sulfate is CuSO4. It consists of a copper ion (Cu2+) and a sulfate ion (SO42-). Copper sulfate has many characteristics. First, it is an inorganic copper fungicide. Its blue asymmetric triclinic crystal system has good water absorption and will combine with water to form crystals. Copper sulfate is chemically stable at room temperature and easily soluble in water. Its aqueous solution is acidic and has the characteristics of strong acid and weak base salts, because the hydrolysis solution is weakly acidic. In addition, copper sulfate is also easy to deliquesce, but it does not affect its efficacy. Copper sulfate is often used as a protective fungicide and is moderately toxic to humans and livestock. At room temperature and pressure, copper sulfate is very stable and does not deliquesce. It will gradually lose crystal water in dry air and turn white.
2. Types and applications of copper sulfate: According to the content, it can be divided into the following types: 96% copper sulfate, 98% copper sulfate, and 99% copper sulfate. At the same time, copper sulfate can also be divided into industrial grade copper sulfate, electroplating grade copper sulfate, and chemical reagent copper sulfate according to the grade. In the electroplating industry, copper sulfate can be used for copper electroplating in the power industry and material engineering. In the field of pesticides and fungicides, copper sulfate is also used as pesticides and fungicides to prevent and control a variety of plant diseases and insect pests. Copper sulfate can be used in the preparation of bleaching agents and can also be used as a mordant. In medical terms, copper sulfate can be used to treat copper deficiency anemia, gallbladder diseases, ophthalmic diseases, etc. In water treatment, copper sulfate can be used as an algaecide to remove excess algae in ponds, lakes, and swimming pools. The chemical reaction of iron with copper sulfate solution is as follows: Fe + CuSO4 = Cu + FeSO4 It can be seen that iron reacts with copper sulfate solution to generate copper and ferrous sulfate. This reaction is a replacement reaction. Iron replaces copper in copper sulfate to generate copper and ferrous sulfate.
3. Purification process of industrial copper sulfate:
Raw material dissolution: Put crude copper sulfate into a dissolving tank, add an appropriate amount of water, and heat it to 60~80℃ to completely dissolve it.
Oxidation and impurity removal: Add an appropriate amount of oxidant, such as nitric acid, hydrogen peroxide, etc., to the dissolved solution, stir evenly, and oxidize the impurities in the solution.
Filtration: Filter the oxidized solution to remove solid impurities. Adjust pH value: Add an appropriate amount of alkali, such as sodium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, etc., to the filtered solution, adjust the pH value to 4.0~4.5, so that the copper ions form copper hydroxide precipitation. Precipitation: Precipitate the solution to completely precipitate copper hydroxide.
Washing: Wash the precipitated copper hydroxide to remove impurities on the surface. Drying: Dry the washed copper hydroxide to remove moisture. Burning: Burn the dried copper hydroxide to decompose it into copper sulfate.
Cooling: Cool the burned copper sulfate to obtain industrial copper sulfate products. In the purification process of industrial copper sulfate, the above steps can be adjusted and optimized according to actual conditions. In addition, other chemical and physical methods can also be used to improve the purity and quality of copper sulfate.
Post time: Nov-14-2024
